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Looking at this toy you get the impression it is moving with no apparent cause ad infinitum! It seems that it acts like a perpetuum mobile, a machine that, once set in motion, would remain in motion infinitely if it was placed in perfect vacuum and we could ignore friction connected with movement. |
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Now look at a different toy - the main pendulum with a magnet on both sides and two smaller oscillators (each with a magnet), on both sides of the bigger one. An additional magnet is placed in the middle of the whole 'planetary' system. The behaviour of this toy is almost chaotic - it is impossible to predict in which direction the pendulum will move. |
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This is because the position of the static and dynamic equilibrium are different for the smaller oscillators. In a static position they are almost horizontal, but when the main pendulum starts to move, the inertia forces do not allow small oscillators to reach the equilibrium. |
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In the toy to the left, which is another planetary system, the "motor" is placed in the base of the black cone and a tip of the base moves. Inertia forces cause that each ring rotates with its own angular velocity and the whole movement is hard to be predicted. |