Multimedia files - simulations and models

General relativity (1)

grawi

Only Newton's 1/r2gravitational field gives closed orbits.
Presence of Sun modifies geometry of space making Mercury orbit visibly (0.48'' for century) open.
The following programme (cortesy of dott. Mauro Brunato) shows how orbits get open for fields other than 1/r2.
You can load zip or exe version, together with example of input parameters.
See also films on open and closed orbits.


General relativity (2)

General relativity predics also that light rays are cuvred in presence of mass (by a factor of two more that it would result from Newton's theory). Therefore, light from distant stars is curved and/or doubled by massive galaxies, like on this photo from Hubble telescope hubble

A similar effect is common as you see in these photos:

1. a special "magic" eye
oko oko oko

2. A simple ruler

ruler

3. Infinity of "fashionable" gadgets from window shops

koza kula samo lisa mis

Trento

Milano

Verona

Paris


Elementary particles

Electron is a lepton - light particle, like e Greek "small" euro coin.lepto1

Positron seems to be the same as electron - just its reverse, but maybe is slightly different? (find the difference).positron    positron-a

Lepton tau is still called "light" but it is heavier that proton and neutron, which are called "hadrons", i.e. heavy tau
Proton, neutron and antiproton are 1837 times heavier than electron (2 zł coin is like 1 euro) protny
Proton proton  and neutron   are made of quarks: we know that three are inside but nobody can extract them
proton (quarks uud), neutron (quarks udd), antyproton (anti-quarks uud) - see the "tails" of quarks "up" and "down".

Quarks differ by mass, electrical charge, flavour (strange, beatiful) and color; then we have anti-quarks

They do not stay still proton inside nucleons but spin so quickly that seem to be white. pralka
This is so called "Standard Model" of elementary particles. But, maybe, proton is more complex, like this cube? cube


Quantum (Wave) Mechanics

Modelling of wave packets scattering on a potential barrier is a common task quantum scattering

We give here some links:
http://www.sgi.com/fun/java/john/wave-sim.html
hing/mirrors/qm/packet/wave-map.html
http://www3.tsl.uu.se/~karlsson/sc_wave.html