XX Century = Einstein century        

Four manuscripts that changed the world

In 1905 A. Einstein, a technical expert of 3rd level in the Swiss Bureau of Patents published in the 17th volume of the “Annalen der Physik” three articles, written in four months period: in March about the emission and transformation of the light [1], in May about the thermal motion of the suspended particles in a liquid [2] and the last, at end of June on the electrodynamics of moving objects [3]. In volume 18th, published in September - the text on the mass of moving objects [4]. Another paper on Brown’s motion was published in December.
These were not the first works of Einstein,  in 1901 he wrote about the capillarity, in years 1902-1904 some works on thermodynamics. In 1907, replying to Planck’s work he wrote: “… Mr. Planck introduced a new hypothetical element to the physics – a photon hypothesis”. But his works dated 1905 were the most extraordinary ones: very few men, except perhaps Newton in 1704, published so many new ideas in such a short time.The four 1905 manuscripts changed our understanding of Physics. The relativistic effect of the mass – means the atomic energy, photon hypothesis  – mean lasers and digital photocamera, a constant velocity of light allows to determine dimensions of the Universe. In this sense, the four manuscripts changed all our Modern World.

[1] About the emission and transformation of the light from a heuristic point of view

Annalen der Physik 17 (1905) 133-148

[2] About the movement of particles suspended in non-moving liquids which is required by the molecular kinetic theory of heat

Annalen der Physik 17 (1905) 549-560

[3] About the electrodynamics of moving bodies

 

Annalen der Physik 17 (1905) 891-921

[4] Does the inertia of bodies depend on their energy?

 


Annalen der Physik 18 (1905) 639-641

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